Reproducibility of peri‐implant probing using a force‐controlled probe
Identifieur interne : 008888 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 008887; suivant : 008889Reproducibility of peri‐implant probing using a force‐controlled probe
Auteurs : Peter Eickholz [Allemagne] ; Frank L. Grotkamp ; Hans J. Staehle ; Helmut Steveling ; Joachim MühlingSource :
- Clinical Oral Implants Research [ 0905-7161 ] ; 2001-04.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Apical penetration, Astra, Astra implants, Attachment loss, Clinical examination, Clinical examiner, Clinical parameters, Clinical periodontology, Dental implants, Dependent variables, Different probe holders, Different probes, Double measurements, Edentulous patients, Eickholz, Endosseous implants, Exible, Exible plastic version, Florida probe, Force control, Frequency distribution, Furcation, Gingival, Gingival index, Higher variability, Implant, Implant shoulder, Implantes, Implants astra, Implants research, Individual patient, Intraexaminer reproducibility, Lang, Measurement error, Mombelli, Mombelli lang, Mouth opening, Multiple comparisons, Multivariate analysis, Natural teeth, Niveau, Oral impl, Other hand, Periodontal, Periodontal probe, Periodontal research, Periodontology, Plaque index, Posterior teeth, Precision balance, Present study, Probe, Probe head, Probe holder, Rathke frentzen, Regression analysis, Reproducibility, Respective models, Same level, Second examiner, Single measurements, Sonde, Spring arms, Staehle, Standard deviation, Standard deviations, Teeth astra, Teeth difference, Tooth type, Universal explorer, Variance, Various probe heads, Vertical attachment level, Vertical attachment level measurements.
- Teeft :
- Apical penetration, Astra, Astra implants, Attachment loss, Clinical examination, Clinical examiner, Clinical parameters, Clinical periodontology, Dental implants, Dependent variables, Different probe holders, Different probes, Double measurements, Edentulous patients, Eickholz, Endosseous implants, Exible, Exible plastic version, Florida probe, Force control, Frequency distribution, Furcation, Gingival, Gingival index, Higher variability, Implant, Implant shoulder, Implantes, Implants astra, Implants research, Individual patient, Intraexaminer reproducibility, Lang, Measurement error, Mombelli, Mombelli lang, Mouth opening, Multiple comparisons, Multivariate analysis, Natural teeth, Niveau, Oral impl, Other hand, Periodontal, Periodontal probe, Periodontal research, Periodontology, Plaque index, Posterior teeth, Precision balance, Present study, Probe, Probe head, Probe holder, Rathke frentzen, Regression analysis, Reproducibility, Respective models, Same level, Second examiner, Single measurements, Sonde, Spring arms, Staehle, Standard deviation, Standard deviations, Teeth astra, Teeth difference, Tooth type, Universal explorer, Variance, Various probe heads, Vertical attachment level, Vertical attachment level measurements.
Abstract
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the reproducibility of probing depth (PD) and vertical attachment level (PAL‐V) measurements at endosseous implants. Twenty partially edentulous patients who had received 44 Frialit‐2 and 30 Astra implants between 1994 and 1996 were examined. At all teeth and implants, clinical parameters (GI, PlI, PD, PAL‐V) were measured at 6 sites using the flexible plastic version of the universal explorer TPS probe. At the implants and at teeth that were in similar locations compared to the implants, PD and PAL‐V measurements were repeated. For each of the 20 probes that had been used for clinical examination of the 20 patients, the probing force was assessed using a precision balance. As a measure of intraexaminer reproducibility, the following standard deviations of single PD and PAL‐V measurements were calculated: Frialit‐2: 0.71/0.74 mm; Astra: 0.72/0.75 mm; tooth: 0.59/0.57 mm (PD/PAL‐V). Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed implant/tooth position and GI to influence PD and PAL‐V measurement error (P<0.001). At anterior teeth, a lower variability was observed than at posterior teeth (P<0.001). PD and PAL‐V measurement error were higher at implants than at teeth and influenced by patients. The respective models explained 13% and 17% of the variability of the dependent variable (PD/PAL‐V), respectively. Intraexaminer variability of PD and PAL‐V measurements at implants tended to be higher than at teeth. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed probe and probe holder to statistically significantly (P<0.001) influence probing force. However, the differences in probing force between the various probe heads were very small. They reached a maximum of 0.054 N between probe 3 and 14 and may be looked upon as clinically irrelevant.
Url:
DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0501.2001.012002153.x
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Apical penetration</term>
<term>Astra</term>
<term>Astra implants</term>
<term>Attachment loss</term>
<term>Clinical examination</term>
<term>Clinical examiner</term>
<term>Clinical parameters</term>
<term>Clinical periodontology</term>
<term>Dental implants</term>
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<term>Different probes</term>
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<term>Eickholz</term>
<term>Endosseous implants</term>
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<term>Exible plastic version</term>
<term>Florida probe</term>
<term>Force control</term>
<term>Frequency distribution</term>
<term>Furcation</term>
<term>Gingival</term>
<term>Gingival index</term>
<term>Higher variability</term>
<term>Implant</term>
<term>Implant shoulder</term>
<term>Implantes</term>
<term>Implants astra</term>
<term>Implants research</term>
<term>Individual patient</term>
<term>Intraexaminer reproducibility</term>
<term>Lang</term>
<term>Measurement error</term>
<term>Mombelli</term>
<term>Mombelli lang</term>
<term>Mouth opening</term>
<term>Multiple comparisons</term>
<term>Multivariate analysis</term>
<term>Natural teeth</term>
<term>Niveau</term>
<term>Oral impl</term>
<term>Other hand</term>
<term>Periodontal</term>
<term>Periodontal probe</term>
<term>Periodontal research</term>
<term>Periodontology</term>
<term>Plaque index</term>
<term>Posterior teeth</term>
<term>Precision balance</term>
<term>Present study</term>
<term>Probe</term>
<term>Probe head</term>
<term>Probe holder</term>
<term>Rathke frentzen</term>
<term>Regression analysis</term>
<term>Reproducibility</term>
<term>Respective models</term>
<term>Same level</term>
<term>Second examiner</term>
<term>Single measurements</term>
<term>Sonde</term>
<term>Spring arms</term>
<term>Staehle</term>
<term>Standard deviation</term>
<term>Standard deviations</term>
<term>Teeth astra</term>
<term>Teeth difference</term>
<term>Tooth type</term>
<term>Universal explorer</term>
<term>Variance</term>
<term>Various probe heads</term>
<term>Vertical attachment level</term>
<term>Vertical attachment level measurements</term>
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<term>Astra</term>
<term>Astra implants</term>
<term>Attachment loss</term>
<term>Clinical examination</term>
<term>Clinical examiner</term>
<term>Clinical parameters</term>
<term>Clinical periodontology</term>
<term>Dental implants</term>
<term>Dependent variables</term>
<term>Different probe holders</term>
<term>Different probes</term>
<term>Double measurements</term>
<term>Edentulous patients</term>
<term>Eickholz</term>
<term>Endosseous implants</term>
<term>Exible</term>
<term>Exible plastic version</term>
<term>Florida probe</term>
<term>Force control</term>
<term>Frequency distribution</term>
<term>Furcation</term>
<term>Gingival</term>
<term>Gingival index</term>
<term>Higher variability</term>
<term>Implant</term>
<term>Implant shoulder</term>
<term>Implantes</term>
<term>Implants astra</term>
<term>Implants research</term>
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<term>Intraexaminer reproducibility</term>
<term>Lang</term>
<term>Measurement error</term>
<term>Mombelli</term>
<term>Mombelli lang</term>
<term>Mouth opening</term>
<term>Multiple comparisons</term>
<term>Multivariate analysis</term>
<term>Natural teeth</term>
<term>Niveau</term>
<term>Oral impl</term>
<term>Other hand</term>
<term>Periodontal</term>
<term>Periodontal probe</term>
<term>Periodontal research</term>
<term>Periodontology</term>
<term>Plaque index</term>
<term>Posterior teeth</term>
<term>Precision balance</term>
<term>Present study</term>
<term>Probe</term>
<term>Probe head</term>
<term>Probe holder</term>
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<term>Respective models</term>
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<term>Second examiner</term>
<term>Single measurements</term>
<term>Sonde</term>
<term>Spring arms</term>
<term>Staehle</term>
<term>Standard deviation</term>
<term>Standard deviations</term>
<term>Teeth astra</term>
<term>Teeth difference</term>
<term>Tooth type</term>
<term>Universal explorer</term>
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<term>Various probe heads</term>
<term>Vertical attachment level</term>
<term>Vertical attachment level measurements</term>
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<front><div type="abstract">Abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the reproducibility of probing depth (PD) and vertical attachment level (PAL‐V) measurements at endosseous implants. Twenty partially edentulous patients who had received 44 Frialit‐2 and 30 Astra implants between 1994 and 1996 were examined. At all teeth and implants, clinical parameters (GI, PlI, PD, PAL‐V) were measured at 6 sites using the flexible plastic version of the universal explorer TPS probe. At the implants and at teeth that were in similar locations compared to the implants, PD and PAL‐V measurements were repeated. For each of the 20 probes that had been used for clinical examination of the 20 patients, the probing force was assessed using a precision balance. As a measure of intraexaminer reproducibility, the following standard deviations of single PD and PAL‐V measurements were calculated: Frialit‐2: 0.71/0.74 mm; Astra: 0.72/0.75 mm; tooth: 0.59/0.57 mm (PD/PAL‐V). Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed implant/tooth position and GI to influence PD and PAL‐V measurement error (P<0.001). At anterior teeth, a lower variability was observed than at posterior teeth (P<0.001). PD and PAL‐V measurement error were higher at implants than at teeth and influenced by patients. The respective models explained 13% and 17% of the variability of the dependent variable (PD/PAL‐V), respectively. Intraexaminer variability of PD and PAL‐V measurements at implants tended to be higher than at teeth. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed probe and probe holder to statistically significantly (P<0.001) influence probing force. However, the differences in probing force between the various probe heads were very small. They reached a maximum of 0.054 N between probe 3 and 14 and may be looked upon as clinically irrelevant.</div>
</front>
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<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Grotkamp, Frank L" sort="Grotkamp, Frank L" uniqKey="Grotkamp F" first="Frank L." last="Grotkamp">Frank L. Grotkamp</name>
<name sortKey="Muhling, Joachim" sort="Muhling, Joachim" uniqKey="Muhling J" first="Joachim" last="Mühling">Joachim Mühling</name>
<name sortKey="Staehle, Hans J" sort="Staehle, Hans J" uniqKey="Staehle H" first="Hans J." last="Staehle">Hans J. Staehle</name>
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<country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Eickholz, Peter" sort="Eickholz, Peter" uniqKey="Eickholz P" first="Peter" last="Eickholz">Peter Eickholz</name>
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